Bagged in three layers of meninges and selectively fenced off by the blood brain barrier, our central nervous system (CNS) interacts within strict limits with our immune system. Protective ...

Scientists have long believed that the pia, the innermost of the three meningeal membranes that surround the brain, is impermeable to cerebrospinal fluid. But the pia has been hard to study. This ...

Cerebrospinal fluid washes waste from the brain, eventually draining into the lymph nodes and bloodstream—but exactly how this flow bypasses the brain’s barriers to reach the periphery has remained ...

Leptomeningeal metastases (LM) occur when cancerous cells metastasize or spread to the leptomeninges, cerebral spinal fluid (CSF), or both. The meninges are thin layers of tissue surrounding and ...

Baseline labs can be normal and without evidence of leukocytosis or azotemia. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained by lumbar puncture (LP) is essential for the diagnosis of meningitis. The rare but ...

Cerebrospinal fluid, or CSF, is a clear, colorless liquid that plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and function of your central nervous system. It cushions the brain and spinal cord, ...

It is not possible to test for a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak at home. However, knowing the possible symptoms of a CSF leak can help a person know when to seek emergency help to receive a diagnosis ...

Billy Joel was diagnosed with normal pressure hydrocephalus. Cerebrospinal fluid, or CSF, is a clear, colorless liquid that plays a crucial role in maintaining the health and function of your central ...