Pressure controls have been workhorses in the hvacr industry for decades. Figure 1 shows a conventional combination low- and high-pressure control. Such controls have been used in many applications, ...

ASHRAE 90.1 indicates that if this pump is 10 hp or greater, a variable volume pumping solution is required, which would include two position (open/closed) valves at each heat pump and a VSD at the ...

Over the past several years, researchers have been developing soft analogues of traditionally rigid robotic components. In fluid-driven robotic systems, pumps control the pressure or flow of the ...

Feedwater control valves play a critical role in boiler operation. One important parameter of their design is the pressure drop at the rated condition as well as off-design conditions. However, ...

This circuit optimises the circulation of heated water from solar hot water panels to a storage cylinder. It achieves this by controlling a 12V DC pump, which is switched on at a preset temperature ...

This technology helps block contaminants from entering or leaking out of clean rooms in biotechnology, pharmaceutical, and semiconductor manufacturing settings, preserving the sterile conditions these ...