From the earliest studies with epithelial cells implanted into detrusor muscle to later experiments on smooth muscle in defined collagen gels, cell niche and extracellular matrix (ECM) have been ...

The numerous cells that make up mammalian tissues are surrounded by an intricate network of proteins known as the extracellular matrix (ECM). Together, these proteins provide cells with a structural ...

A new tissue-culture system is used to grow not only human cells but also the natural fibrous matrix that surrounds them. Cells and this fibrous matrix interact reciprocally, particularly to control ...

Surface nano-patterning with biochemical cues has been shown to be a very powerful tool to control cell growth and attachment. However, manual patterning methods are unable to assure pattern ...