An international team of researchers shows through a concrete theoretical experiment that the prediction by standard complex quantum theory cannot be expressed by its real counterpart and ratifies its ...

In the previous article “Do symmetries come with dimensionless numbers rather than conserved quantities?”, I introduced a ...

Complex numbers seem to have an almost mystical aura surrounding them. Perhaps it’s because of the terminology used for them – for example, they have a ‘real part’ and an ‘imaginary part’, and they ...

This worksheet on Complex Numbers serves as a nice introduction to Complex Numbers typically seen as Core Pure 1 Material. This worksheet does not feature topics seen in Core Pure 2 such as Roots of ...

The world of math is complex … in more ways than one. Sure, it’s full of complex ideas that are all tied up and packaged within beautiful and often times complex wrapping paper that is adorned with ...

To a nonmathematician, having the letter “i” represent a number that does not quite exist and is “imaginary” can be hard to wrap your head around. If you open your mind to this way of thinking, ...

All numbers are imaginary (even "zero" was contentious once). Introducing the square root(s) of minus one is convenient because (i) all n-degree polynomials with real coefficients then have n roots, ...

Physicists construct theories to describe nature. Let us explain it through an analogy with something that we can do in our everyday life, like going on a hike in the mountains. To avoid getting lost, ...